Joint Property and Family Financial Disputes: A Shift from Formal Justice to Substantive Justice in Indonesian Islamic Family Law
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64344/hry.v2i1.105Keywords:
Common Property, Gender Justice, Religious Courts, Maqāṣid Al-Syarī'ah, Family DisputesAbstract
This research aims to analyze the legal and social dynamics related to common property (gono-gini), its distribution mechanism, and the settlement of family financial disputes in the Religious Court. This issue is important because of the increasing number of divorce cases accompanied by joint property lawsuits, which reflects the complexity of economic relations and gender equality in Muslim households in Indonesia. This study highlights how Islamic law and national law interact in realizing substantive justice in the division of assets post-divorce.
The research uses a juridical-normative method with a conceptual and case approach. Data was obtained through a review of classical fiqh literature, laws and regulations, and decisions of the Religious Court in the last five years. The analysis was carried out by integrating the principles of maqāṣid al-syarī'ah, gender justice theory, and socio-economic considerations as the basis for assessing judicial practice.
The results of the study show that joint property includes not only material assets, but also non-financial contributions such as domestic and emotional roles of the couple. In practice, Religious Court judges began to adopt a progressive approach by considering distributive justice and proportionality of contributions. This marked a paradigm shift from textual interpretation to a more humanistic approach to maqāṣid.
The conclusion of the study emphasizes the need to reformulate Islamic family law to be more adaptive to the contemporary social context. The reform must ensure equal economic roles between husband and wife and encourage social justice in the distribution of common wealth.
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